Spain endured its hottest day of the year Saturday, with temperatures topping 45 degrees Celsius (113 F), while authorities in Italy expanded the number of cities on red alert for health risks to 16 as a heat wave engulfed Southern Europe.
The hottest temperature by late afternoon was recorded in Écija, Seville, at 46.5 degrees Celsius (115.7 F), still shy of the country's all-time record of 46.9 Celsius hit in Cordoba in July 2017. Europe's heat record came in Athens in 1977 at 48.0 Celsius (118.4 F).
In the southern Spanish province of Granada, where the mercury rose to 45.4 Celsius (113.7 F), few people ventured outside. Those who did sought shade and stopped to take photos of public thermometers displaying the rocketing temperatures.
Ice cream parlors did a brisk trade, and some restaurants installed sprinklers to spray mists of water over sweating guests.
Miriam García, a student, wished she hadn’t braved the heat.
“It is very hot, we have to drink water and put on suncream all the time, stopping to have a drink at a bar every so often,” she said. “It would be better to be at home than in the street, it’s so hot!”
Dominic Royé, a climate scientist at the University of Santiago de Compostela, said the hot air from the Sahara Desert that has brought days of heat and fueled hundreds of wildfires across Mediterranean countries shows no signs of ending anytime soon.
“The heat wave we are experiencing now is very extreme and a lot of people are saying that it’s normal, as we are in summer. But it’s not, not this hot,” Roye said.
The World Meteorological Organization said temperatures being recorded in the Mediterranean region go well beyond the typical hot, dry August weather, and instead “are extreme, and what we might expect from climate change.”
With night-time temperatures forecast to exceed 25 degrees Celsius (77 F) in much of Spain, Royé worried about residents who cannot afford air conditioning and other vulnerable people, like the homeless or outdoor workers.
Spain's State Meteorological Agency noted that 24 heat waves have been recorded over the last decade, which is twice the number in each of the previous three decades.
“It is important to stay in cool places and to stay hydrated, and to special attention to babies and elderly, vulnerable or otherwise dependent people. Extreme precautions should be taken to avoid starting forest fires,'' said Rubén del Campo, spokesman for the Spanish meteorological service.
Authorities in Italy also raised concerns about older adults and other people at risk as they expanded heat warnings to 16 cities.
Temperatures in the mid-40s Celsius (113-114.8 F) were forecast for the Sicilian cities of Palermo and Catania, and as high as 37 degrees Celsius (98.6 F) for Rome, Florence and Bologna, all places that the Health Ministry put on red alert.
Italians sought respite at the sea and in the mountains from the aptly named Lucifer anti-cyclone that was bringing hot air from Africa during Italy’s peak summer holiday weekend.
High temperatures were forecast to continue through Sunday, the traditional Ferragosto holiday on the religious feast of the Assumption of Mary, which marks the annual summer holiday exodus from Italian cities.
In Rome, drinking fountains provided relief, while authorities kept tourists away from ornamental fountains like the famed Trevi Fountain, fearing imitators of Anita Ekberg's soaking in “La Dolce Vita.”
"I put my head under the water at each fountain, drinking a lot, staying in the shade as much as I can,'' said Alessia Pagani, who was visiting from the northern city of Brescia.
Storms in the north were forecast to bring the first signs of relief starting Monday.
“More than anything else, fresh air from the Atlantic will bring a coolness and greater ventilation that will sweep away the humidity and make the air much more breathable,’’ Lt. Col. Filippo Petrucci of the Italian air force’s weather service told RAI state TV.
The heat wave has aggravated wildfires that have consumed forests in southern Italy, Greece, Turkey and North Africa.
Climate scientists say there is little doubt that climate change from the burning of coal, oil and natural gas is driving extreme events, such as heat waves, droughts, wildfires, floods and storms.
Colleen Barry contributed from Milan and Fanuel Morelli from Rome.
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