Skip to main content

Feds consider upping allowable pesticide residue limits on our food

Canada is planning to increase how much pesticide residue can remain on some foods. Photo by Laura Arias/Pexels

Canada is once again considering raising the amount of pesticide residue allowed on berries, sugar beets and other foods after public resistance to proposed changes prompted a two-year pause.

The evaluation process was halted in 2021 after it was revealed officials were planning to increase the amount of glyphosate — a common herbicide — allowed on imported foods. The pesticide industry was pushing for the changes, but public outcry over the allowances and the government's lack of transparency forced it to backtrack on the plan and promise to rework its pesticide evaluation process.

There is growing concern about the harmful impact of pesticides on human health, agriculture and biodiversity, prompting calls from researchers to reduce their prevalence. While the European Union and other countries have in recent years committed to curbing their use, Canada has not.

In June, officials announced they would restart the "science-based process" of creating or updating the so-called "maximum residue limit" (MRL) on some pesticides. The MRL is the amount of pesticide residue allowed on foods sold in Canada and is determined by how and when the pesticide is used. Pesticide companies can ask the government to increase the limit and need to provide scientific data to back up their request.

In a statement, Health Canada — the ministry responsible for Canada's Pest Management Regulatory Agency (PMRA) — said the two-year pause allowed it to better understand “expectations of Canadians about the pesticide regulatory review process, including the settings of MRL and its transparency."

Canada is once again considering raising the amount of pesticide residue allowed on berries, sugar beets and other foods after public resistance to proposed changes prompted a two-year pause.

Since that announcement, the government has started the process to increase or modify MRLs for eight pesticides — excluding glyphosate — with public consultations due to end in September. Officials have said that because MRLs also apply to imported foods, increasing these limits is vital to align Canada with levels allowed in the U.S. and other countries.

For instance, on June 27, the PMRA announced plans to increase the MRL for the fungicide fludioxonil on imported sugar beets from 0.02 parts per million (ppm) to 4 ppm. The increase was requested by pesticide manufacturer Syngenta so foods that contain levels of fludioxonil currently allowed in the U.S. but not in Canada can be imported and sold in here.

According to the U.S. National Institutes of Health, the chemical can disrupt humans' endocrine systems, but giving lab animals levels of the pesticide far higher than the limits proposed by the PMRA did not kill them.

But critics ranging from environmentalists to Bloc Québécois MP Monique Pauzé have blasted the agency for proposing to raise the limits at all.

In late June, the former co-chair of a scientific advisory committee convened by the PMRA resigned citing issues around transparency. In his letter announcing his resignation, Bruce Lanphear, a public health expert at Simon Fraser University, lambasted the agency for providing Canadians "a false sense of security" that they are adequately protected from pesticides. This included issues around MRLs, he told Canada's National Observer in a July interview.

Safe Food Matters president Mary Lou McDonald agreed. Accessing the health and safety data the PMRA uses to determine MRLs is challenging due to stringent limits on what data can be seen — and shared — by the public to protect pesticide companies' intellectual property. She noted issues with the accuracy and relevance of the data used by the government in its assessment process.

Moreover, she noted the PMRA and pesticide manufacturers have a close working relationship — an issue also flagged by Lanphear.

"It goes against basic logic in light of all that’s known on protecting human health," said Pauzé. "Other jurisdictions have opted for more prescriptive regulations, namely in Europe. There are questions that need answers."

Comments