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Bots for Doug Ford

PC party leader Doug Ford’s Twitter messages are often amplified from a small army of hyper-partisan, largely anonymous accounts that publish with inhuman frequency. They make his @fordnation pronouncements appear more popular than they are, say some observers.

Kinder Morgan pipeline supporters and detractors are being swarmed by online 'bots'

An industry ad to amplify pro-pipeline perspectives is just one example of how the online conversation around the troubled Kinder Morgan pipeline expansion is, increasingly, being pushed to its edges by actors on both sides of the debate. Casual opinion polls and social media platforms are open battlegrounds as messages spread quickly and debate become increasingly polarized.